Aquaponics Digest - Mon 06/18/01
Message 1: Plain Text/HTML - Re: "Cubic" watermelons
from S & S Aqua Farm
Message 2: Re: Plain Text/HTML - Re: "Cubic" watermelons
from "TGTX"
Message 3: Re:Black Soldier Fly Larva
from "Laura Dalton"
Message 4: Unsubscribe
from "Stan Clayton"
Message 5: Bookmarks Site soon?
from dreadlox 'at' cwjamaica.com
Message 6: RE: Fish Scales
from "Charlie Shultz"
Message 7: RE: Fish Scales. from "billevans"
Message 8: Hotmail accounts - settings
from S & S Aqua Farm
Message 9: Re: Hotmail accounts - settings
from Lamar Zabielski
Message 10: Fwd. Barley straw fact sheet
from S & S Aqua Farm
Message 11: How many tons of pea gravel per cubic yard?
from Carolyn Hoagland
Message 12: Re: How many tons of pea gravel per cubic yard?
from N6XF 'at' aol.com
Message 13: Re: How many tons of pea gravel per cubic yard?
from "Arlos"
Message 14: Re: How many tons of pea gravel per cubic yard?
from "Arlos"
Message 15: RE: How many tons of pea gravel per cubic yard?
from "billevans"
Message 16: Biofiltration material
from "Arlos"
Message 17: Tomato
from "Steven Medlock"
Message 18: Re: Hotmail accounts - settings
from "Pat Arbuthnot"
Message 19: Unsure with biofilter?
from dreadlox 'at' cwjamaica.com
Message 20: Re: How many tons of pea gravel per cubic yard?
from dreadlox 'at' cwjamaica.com
| Message 1
Subject: Plain Text/HTML - Re: "Cubic" watermelons
From: S & S Aqua Farm
Date: Mon, 18 Jun 2001 07:00:17 -0500
At 11:55 PM 06/17/2001 -0500, you wrote:
>Sorry, I meant heavy plexiglass
.1/4-3/8" thick
> Someone mentioned to me that they saw on TV that they are grown in glass
boxes. I would think that acrylic would be easiet to work with. My thought
would be 5 squares connect to form the base of the cube with small bungie
cords or elastic loops
>
>
>
>
Thanks Adriana, -- this has been an interesting thread!
As a reminder (to everyone), please be sure you are sending mail to the list
in "plain text" mode. Even efficient email snipping and replying gets
cumbersome when sent in HTML mode.
Thanks
Paula
S&S Aqua Farm, 8386 County Road 8820, West Plains, MO 65775 417-256-5124
Web page http://www.townsqr.com/snsaqua/
| Message 2
Subject: Re: Plain Text/HTML - Re: "Cubic" watermelons
From: "TGTX"
Date: Mon, 18 Jun 2001 07:43:59 -0500
> As a reminder (to everyone), please be sure you are sending mail to the
list
> in "plain text" mode. Even efficient email snipping and replying gets
> cumbersome when sent in HTML mode.
>
> Thanks
> Paula
In this case, it became
er,
. cu-cumber-some.
You might say it was
cubic-cumbersome.
Ted
| Message 3
Subject: Re:Black Soldier Fly Larva
From: "Laura Dalton"
Date: Mon, 18 Jun 2001 07:46:09 -0500
All:
Even though I just lurk and learn on this list, the Black Soldier Fly Larva
thread is very interesting and the potential could be great. While living in
England, happened to see a very interesting BBC program on a maggot farm. In
England, maggots are used as fish baits, just a we use worms etc. The story
centered around a large production maggot farm, expressly for the fishing
industry. Every facet of the operation was controlled from the breeding of
the flies, to the production and harvesting of the maggots. They even color
them ( I guess it's easier to tolerate if they're in your favourite color!).
The plant used what they called "rag meat", bits of hide and other totally
unusable meat from the local abattoir. The room where the flies were bred
was environment controlled, clean and isolated. The last I remember of the
program was the huge vats of multi colored maggots waiting to be packaged.
If maggots have the same protein/fat composition as the soldier fly,
wouldn't they be a viable fish food also? - At the risk of making a
"genetic" error, couldn't the remains of harvested fish be used as the
breeding medium? That would make it a very self contained industry.
Just thoughts.
Laura E. Dalton
Victoria Gardens Bed & Breakfast
1461 State Route BB
West Plains, MO 65775
(417) 256-3268
| Message 4
Subject: Unsubscribe
From: "Stan Clayton"
Date: Mon, 18 Jun 2001 06:38:46 -0700
I too really look forward to my daily digest, and use that format to avoid a
build up in my inbox. However, many folks don't bother to switch to "plain
text" when replying to a post. The following is an example of what I see on
the daily digest (it converts all posts to plain text without deleting the
formating instructions). Fun to read, eh?
>
>
> charset=3Diso-8859-1">
>
>
>
>
> Sorry, I meant heavy =
> plexiglass
.1/4-3/8"=20
> thick
> style=3D"PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; =
> BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">
> Someone mentioned to me that they saw =
> on TV that=20
> they are grown in glass boxes. I would think that acrylic would =
> be=20
> easiet to work with. My thought would be 5 squares connect to =
> form the=20
> base of the cube with small bungie cords or elastic loops=20
>
Also, some others do not trim the message they are replying to, and as a
consequence, their posts sometimes run to many pages. A little
consideration can overcome the worse "social insensitivity"
. ;)
Stan
| Message 5
Subject: Bookmarks Site soon?
From: dreadlox 'at' cwjamaica.com
Date: Mon, 18 Jun 2001 10:19:09 -0700
Hi guys.
Im plodding along
with the bookmarks
.and have gotten a great program
for sorting them. Last night I sorted my bookmarks at the click of a
button, all 3000 of them.
Please start sending me your bookmarks sorted according to the titles we
discussed. You can send me raw data and the program will do the rest.
Please do so soon, as the program I have the joy of using is time
limited. (Shareware.)
I have a site waiting in the wings, for volunteers
.(so far only 2 to
help sorting) and now I just need the marks to blast.
Ada, are U there? Havent heard from you
.??!! Let me know if you're
still interested/able.
Awaiting the bookmarks is
Mike, in humid JAMAICA.
| Message 6
Subject: RE: Fish Scales
From: "Charlie Shultz"
Date: Mon, 18 Jun 2001 17:11:21
Mike,
I use excess fish scales directly in my soil mixes for potted plants or my
terrestrial garden. Never have to worry about Calcium deficiencies.
Charlie
<<<<<<<<<<<<<>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
PS. Anyone know of the FASTEST way to decompose fish scales??
| Message 7
Subject: RE: Fish Scales.From: "billevans"
Date: Mon, 18 Jun 2001 11:04:37 -0700
Mike you could freeze the scales then
frozen ball mill( insert your own method of pulverization here) ( making
this one up tho I know ball milling is a way to break up ore.
there is
also herb processing equipment that uses freezing to keep the "works" from
gumming up.( that's a little $$$ tho)
Freezing would help to keep the mix from cooking- if you wanted to preserve
the constituents for lipstick
also allows things to fracture easily.
Or then take the resultant powder and mix it into greenwaste compost
. or
other soil products that could gain by it's addition.
If you were to mix it whole into a hot compost I guess the collagen
betwixt the Ca infrastructure eventually breaks down,but the bony part
should remain, unless your pile is hiting" fangfire"- ashes inside the pile-
temps. Possibly adding them to a cool compost pile
would spark some heat?
.depend on mycorrhizal action to go after the gusto
. hmmm why not just
mix the scales into a nice woodsy compost pile( or potting mix)?
.market
it as an "activator" to to other soil blenders.
positing, bill
wwho has no fish scales and whose wondering how many tons of scales were
talkin'?
<<<<<<<<<<<<<>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
PS. Anyone know of the FASTEST way to decompose fish scales??
_
| Message 8
Subject: Hotmail accounts - settings
From: S & S Aqua Farm
Date: Mon, 18 Jun 2001 14:19:38 -0500
Can anyone who uses Hotmail for their email address explain how to change
the settings to send plain text instead of HTML? I'm at a loss with this
one, and don't want to set up an account I'll never use just to find out.
I would like to be able to advise a subscriber, so just post to the group,
please. Appreciate any help.
Paula
S&S Aqua Farm, 8386 County Road 8820, West Plains, MO 65775 417-256-5124
Web page http://www.townsqr.com/snsaqua/
| Message 9
Subject: Re: Hotmail accounts - settings
From: Lamar Zabielski
Date: Mon, 18 Jun 2001 14:01:02 -0600
Hello S,
When composing a message, above the text area
is a check box for RTF, leave it unchecked.
When replying to a HTML msg it comes with it
checked- Uncheck it and ignore the warning
about losing formatting.
Lurker
Monday, June 18, 2001, 1:19:38 PM, you wrote:
> Can anyone who uses Hotmail for their email address explain how to change
> the settings to send plain text instead of HTML? I'm at a loss with this
> one, and don't want to set up an account I'll never use just to find out.
> I would like to be able to advise a subscriber, so just post to the group,
> please. Appreciate any help.
> Paula
> S&S Aqua Farm, 8386 County Road 8820, West Plains, MO 65775 417-256-5124
> Web page http://www.townsqr.com/snsaqua/
--
Best regards,
Lamar
| Message 10
Subject: Fwd. Barley straw fact sheet
From: S & S Aqua Farm
Date: Mon, 18 Jun 2001 17:05:43 -0500
From: "Geoff Wallat"
Subject: Barley straw fact sheet
Date: Mon, 18 Jun 2001 18:08:53 -0400
FYI, web link for a new fact sheet from Purdue University on use of barley
straw in ponds to control algae growth.
-----Original Message-----
From: Carole Lembi
Date: Friday, June 15, 2001 11:20 AM
Subject: barley
To colleagues: Enclosed is a web pub that I have put together on barley
straw for algae control, including EPA's position on its use. The web
address is
. It will be updated in
the fall, after I hear about this summer's research results. I have also
submitted an article on this subject to the journal Aquatics which covers
the same information but in more detail. The article should appear in the
fall issue, but if you want an advance draft,let me know and I will email it
to you. I hope this web site will be helpful to you and your clients,
particularly if you are getting a lot of questions about barley. Carole
-----------------------------------------
Geoff Wallat
Aquaculture Program
O.S.U. Centers at Piketon
1864 Shyville Rd.
Piketon, OH 45661
Ph. (740) 289-2071
1-800-297-2072 (Ohio only)
Fax (740) 289-4591
http://www.ag.ohio-state.edu/~prec/aqua/
| Message 11
Subject: How many tons of pea gravel per cubic yard?
From: Carolyn Hoagland
Date: Mon, 18 Jun 2001 17:15:03 -0500
I'm getting ready to order the pea gravel for my biofilter. I need 10
cubic yards. Anybody know how many tons that is? Approximately?
Thanks in advance,
Carolyn Hoagland
| Message 12
Subject: Re: How many tons of pea gravel per cubic yard?
From: N6XF 'at' aol.com
Date: Mon, 18 Jun 2001 18:49:23 EDT
--part1_59.bdc6d26.285fdf73_boundary
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="US-ASCII"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Hi Carolyn, I think you are looking at one full dump truck load and perhaps
20 tons or so. If you have a cement company around your location, they can
tell you. I am building a 1600 gal. tank. I am going to need a bio filter
myself pretty soon, but I don't know how large it will need to be yet. I
guess you are working on a much larger scale than I. chuck
--part1_59.bdc6d26.285fdf73_boundary
Content-Type: text/html; charset="US-ASCII"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Hi Carolyn, I think you are looking at one full
dump truck load and perhaps
20 tons or so. If you have a cement company around your location, they can
tell you. I am building a 1600 gal. tank. I am going to need a bio filter
myself pretty soon, but I don't know how large it will need to be yet. I
guess you are working on a much larger scale than I. chuck
--part1_59.bdc6d26.285fdf73_boundary--
| Message 13
Subject: Re: How many tons of pea gravel per cubic yard?
From: "Arlos"
Date: Mon, 18 Jun 2001 17:42:42 -0700
Carolyn,
Have you consider other material besides pea gravel. Ceramic foam and a
product from Australia called, "Biohome" which I believe is a sintered
glass. Ceramic foam though more expensive than pea gravel but has
infinitely far more surface area and you may be able to reduce the size of
your biofilter bed. Mine is an 18" diameter pipe with flanges and blind
flanges on both ends. a hub and lateral system offer nearly 100% bed use as
opposed to open beds which tend to channel.
Arlos
-----Original Message-----
From: Carolyn Hoagland
To: aquaponics 'at' townsqr.com
Date: Monday, June 18, 2001 3:15 PM
Subject: How many tons of pea gravel per cubic yard?
>I'm getting ready to order the pea gravel for my biofilter. I need 10
>cubic yards. Anybody know how many tons that is? Approximately?
>
>Thanks in advance,
>Carolyn Hoagland
>
| Message 14
Subject: Re: How many tons of pea gravel per cubic yard?
From: "Arlos"
Date: Mon, 18 Jun 2001 18:20:53 -0700
OK, since I happen to have a pile of pea gravel here I went and weighed a
cubic foot which came in at 60 lb That would make a yard, 1,620 lb. 10 yards
would be 16,200 lb. Weight may vary depending on what your peagravel is made
from.
Arlos
-----Original Message-----
From: Carolyn Hoagland
To: aquaponics 'at' townsqr.com
Date: Monday, June 18, 2001 3:15 PM
Subject: How many tons of pea gravel per cubic yard?
>I'm getting ready to order the pea gravel for my biofilter. I need 10
>cubic yards. Anybody know how many tons that is? Approximately?
>
>Thanks in advance,
>Carolyn Hoagland
>
| Message 15
Subject: RE: How many tons of pea gravel per cubic yard?
From: "billevans"
Date: Mon, 18 Jun 2001 18:36:18 -0700
If it were available, would horticultural perlite work ???(the large#3
size- usually 1/4 " roughly)
. it's one fifteenth the density, and holds
air to boot( it's porous)
.bille
OK, since I happen to have a pile of pea gravel here I went and weighed a
cubic foot which came in at 60 lb
| Message 16
Subject: Biofiltration material
From: "Arlos"
Date: Mon, 18 Jun 2001 18:39:26 -0700
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
------=_NextPart_000_0006_01C0F826.00B3C140
Content-Type: text/plain;
charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Here is the site for Biohome
http://www.aqua-bio.com/ I was seriously =
considering reping these people here in the US but the cost of import =
was prohibitive. I did do carry a ceramic foam. If anyone is interested =
I could send a small packet for the cost of shipping. Trust me, nothing =
is cheaper than peagravel. But I yet have to find any material superior =
to this for a biofilter. I use it for my abalone and they seem pretty =
happy with the results. Enough orders and I can develop a group =
wholesale discount so to speak.
Arlos
------=_NextPart_000_0006_01C0F826.00B3C140
Content-Type: text/html;
charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Here is the site for =
Biohome
http://www.aqua-bio.com/ I=20
was seriously considering reping these people here in the US but the =
cost of=20
import was prohibitive. I did do carry a ceramic foam. If anyone is =
interested I=20
could send a small packet for the cost of shipping. Trust me, nothing is =
cheaper=20
than peagravel. But I yet have to find any material superior to this for =
a=20
biofilter. I use it for my abalone and they seem pretty happy with the =
results.=20
Enough orders and I can develop a group wholesale discount so to=20
speak.
Arlos
------=_NextPart_000_0006_01C0F826.00B3C140--
| Message 17
Subject: Tomato
From: "Steven Medlock"
Date: Mon, 18 Jun 2001 22:38:58 -0500
Any one know how to shake these tomato plants so they will pollinate? I was
told to use an electric toothbrush. but they all spin at the top. Know Idea
how to set it up or have any ideas on how to shake them. I set up some fans
tonight blowing on the plants and lines holding them up. Got to be a easy
way I am not thinking of.
Steve(red)
| Message 18
Subject: Re: Hotmail accounts - settings
From: "Pat Arbuthnot"
Date: Mon, 18 Jun 2001 22:46:02 -0500
Hey Paula and Lurker, Did my message come clear this time? Thanks Lurker
for the info on the RTF. I'm almost a newbie at this, but be kind because
I'm an old newbie :)
>From: Lamar Zabielski Reply-To: aquaponics 'at' townsqr.com To: S & S Aqua Farm
>CC: aquaponics 'at' townsqr.com Subject: Re: Hotmail accounts - settings Date:
>Mon, 18 Jun 2001 14:01:02 -0600
>
>Hello S,
>
>When composing a message, above the text area is a check box for RTF, leave
>it unchecked. When replying to a HTML msg it comes with it checked- Uncheck
>it and ignore the warning about losing formatting.
>
>Lurker
>
>Monday, June 18, 2001, 1:19:38 PM, you wrote:
>
> > Can anyone who uses Hotmail for their email address explain how to
>change > the settings to send plain text instead of HTML? I'm at a loss
>with this > one, and don't want to set up an account I'll never use just to
>find out.
>
> > I would like to be able to advise a subscriber, so just post to the
>group, > please. Appreciate any help.
>
> > Paula > S&S Aqua Farm, 8386 County Road 8820, West Plains, MO 65775
>417-256-5124 > Web page http://www.townsqr.com/snsaqua/
>
>
>
>
>--
>
>Best regards, Lamar
>
>
| Message 19
Subject: Unsure with biofilter?
From: dreadlox 'at' cwjamaica.com
Date: Mon, 18 Jun 2001 23:43:35 -0700
N6XF 'at' aol.com wrote:
I am building a 1600 gal. tank. I am going to need a bio
> filter myself pretty soon, but I don't know how large it will need to b=
e yet.
chuck
Here is some stuff that may come in handy. The rest is said in
whispers
shhhhhh
and intended for Chuck only
(((( Chuck, many folks have problems with HTML on this list, please try
to keep it at a minimum.Some folks have real problems to read the HTML,
and we just went thru that on the list
.)))
Mike
JAMAICA
=01 Conservation Fund 1998 ver 1.0 29
How the Biofilter Works
The biofilter (gravel beds) prevents the buildup of toxic ammonia (NH3)
and nitrites (NO2 - ) in the
water. Ammonia and nitrites build up because of the transformations of
nitrogen within the
nitrogen cycle. The principle source of nitrogen is the protein
contained in feeds. The more feed
the fish eat, the more ammonia they will excrete. Ammonia is also
released during the decay of
organic materials such as uneaten feed and feces (proteins are
deaminated through microbial
activity). This is an acid-producing reaction called mineralization or
ammonification. Therefore,
the amount of feed you put into your tanks determines how much ammonia
your system will be
producing. Ammonia (total ammonia) exists in two forms: toxic ammonia
(NH3) and
ammonium (NH4 + ). The ammonia equilibrium is:
NH3 + H2O <=3D> NH4 + + OH -
Under most conditions, the NH4 + is the predominant species. The ratio
of NH3: NH4 + will
increase as pH and/or temperature increases.
Ammonia would reach toxic levels quickly if it weren=92t for the
nitrifying bacteria that colonize
the RBC. Nitrosomonas and nitrobacter are responsible for the process of
nitrification
(converting ammonia to nitrate).
Nitrosomonas will convert ammonium (NH4 + ) to nitrite (NO2 - ) as
follows:
NH4 + + 1 =BD O2 -> NO2 - + 2H + + H2O
Nitrobacter will convert nitrite (NO2 - ) to nitrate (NO3 - ) as
follows:
NO2 - + =BD O2 -> NO3 -Note
that both of these reactions require the presence of free oxygen. The
dissolved oxygen
levels in the RBC should remain above 3 mg/l at all times. Nitrification
is an acid-producing
reaction causing the pH of your system to decline. Nitrification is most
rapid at pH 7-8 and 25-
35=B0C.
Within a week of adding fish, the
growing Nitrosomonas bacteria populations begin to reduce the amount of
ammonia (NH3) by
converting it to nitrites (NO2 - ). Nitrobacter bacteria populations
respond to the increasing
nitrites (NO2 - ) by multiplying rapidly. They will convert the harmful
nitrites (NO2 - ) into
harmless nitrates (NO3 - ). The actual duration of this process can
depend on several factors (water
temperature, pH, and DO). Sudden changes in ammonia production
drastically alters the balance
of these two bacteria populations. Drastic changes in any water quality
variables (especially
temperature and pH) can cause a population to =93crash=94. If a large wei=
ght
of fish is added to or
removed from a system, the effects could be detrimental to the biofilter
when the feeding and
ammonia loading rates change. It can take as long as 3-4 weeks for a
biofilter to become
=93conditioned=94 and stabilize the water quality in your system. Large
water changes reduce the
amount of food available to the bacteria on your biofilter.
Acclimating the Biofilter
Before you add fish to a new system, you must build up a healthy
bacteria population to process
their wastes. Inoculating the water in your system with the appropriate
bacteria can decrease the
acclimation period. There are several different products available from
a variety of fish supply
catalogs. You can add pure ammonia (about one capful per tank per day)
to the system until
ammonia (NH3) levels reach 1.0 mg/l. Maintain 1.0 mg/l ammonia levels
for at least 2 weeks
before adding fish. After one week, begin monitoring the nitrite (NO2 -
) levels. Stabile ammonia
and nitrite levels indicate that the biofilter is ready for fish.
=46rom Southern
Regional
Aquaculture
Center
September, 1989 **
Tank Culture of Tilapia
James E. Rakocy*
There are many effective biofilter
designs, but they all operate on the
same principle of providing a large
surface area for the attachment of
vitrifying bacteria that transform am-monia
(NH3 ), excreted from the gills
of fish, into nitrite (NO2 ), which in
turn is converted to nitrate (NO3 ).
Nitrate is relatively non-toxic to fish,
but an accumulation of ammonia
and nitrite can cause mortality.
Tilapia begin to die at ammonia con-centrations
around 2 mg/liter (ex-pressed
as NH3 -N) and nitrite levels
of 5 mg/liter (as NO2 -N).
Gravel biofilters, which once were
common, are being replaced by plas-tic-
media biofilters because they are
lightweight and easy to clean. Biofil-ters
now consist of self-supporting
stacks of honeycombed modules,
columns or tanks containing loosely
packed rings, or a series of discs on
an axle that floats at the water sur-face
and rotates, alternately expos-ing
the media to water and air.
Regardless of design, biofilters
generally have the same require-ments
for efficient vitrification: 1)
DO of not less than 2 mg/liter or 3 to
5 mg/liter for maximum efficiency; 2)
pH 7 to 8; 3) a source of alkalinity
for buffer since vitrification
produces acid and destroys about 7
mg of alkalinity for every mg of NH3 -N
oxidized; 4) moderate levels of or-ganic
waste (less than 30 mg/liter
measured as biochemical oxygen
demand), thereby requiring good
clarification; 5) water flow velocities
that do not dislodge bacteria.
Biofilters can be sized by balancing
ammonia production rates with am-monia
removal rates. Unfortunately,
these rates are highly variable. In a
growout study on tilapia in tanks, am-monia
production averaged 10
grams/100 pounds of fish/day
(range:4 to 21). Ammonia produc-tion
depends on quality of feed, feed-ing
rate, fish size and water
temperature, among other factors.
Ammonia removal rates may range
from 0.02 to 0.10 grams/ft
2
of biofil-ter
surface area/day depending on
type of media, biofilter design, and
the factors that affect vitrification.
The required biofilter surface area
can be obtained by dividing total am-monia
production for the maximum
standing crop by the ammonia
removal rate. The filter volume can
be determined by dividing the re-quired
biofilter surface area by the
specific surface area (ft
2/ft3) of the media. For example, assume that a
biofilter containing l-inch pall rings
is being designed to support 1,000
pounds of tilapia. The ammonia
production rate is estimated to be 10
grams/100 pounds of fish/day. There-fore,
total ammonia production
would be 100 grams/day. The am-monia
removal rate is estimated to
be 0.05 grams/ft2/day. Dividing total
ammonia production by the am-monia
removal rate gives 2,000 ft
2 as the required biofilter surface area.
One-inch pall rings have a specific
surface area of 66 ft
2/ft3. Dividing the required biofilter surface area by
the specific surface area gives 30 ft3
as the biofilter volume needed to
remove ammonia.
| Message 20
Subject: Re: How many tons of pea gravel per cubic yard?
From: dreadlox 'at' cwjamaica.com
Date: Mon, 18 Jun 2001 23:43:43 -0700
Carolyn if you dont get a reply, do a measurement of your own. There are
27 cubic feet in a cubic yard. You need 10 cubic yards. Thats 270 cubic
feet.
Measure a container that big roughly in volume and the multiply by 270.
If thats not possible ask the supplier, they usually have this data at
their disposal.
LEmme (sorry US!!) know how its coming on!!
Mike
Carolyn Hoagland wrote:
>
> I'm getting ready to order the pea gravel for my biofilter. I need 10
> cubic yards. Anybody know how many tons that is? Approximately?
>
> Thanks in advance,
> Carolyn Hoagland
|
